Manufacture of gas



(No Modell.)

MANUPAGTURE' 0F 888 WITNESSES ATTORNEYS.

(No Model.)

Wl l:DASI'EH'ELLI 2 Sheets-Sheet 'MANUPAGTURB 0F GAS.

Q44. Patented Jan.i24,' 1888.

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s exact description.

i NITD STATES PATENT rricn.. 'i

WTLLIAM w. DAsHIELL, orv BERGEN POINT, NEW JERSEY.

MANUFACTURE OPG/xs.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 316,944, dated January 24,188.9.v

Application filed March 3, 1887. Serial No. 229,621'. (No model.) ,l

T all whom, it may' concern:

Be it known thatI I, WILLIAM W. DAsHIELL, of Bergen Point, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented' new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Gas, of which the'following is afull, clear, and

My invention krelates to an improvement in the manufacture of gas, and has for its objects to utilize the waste products of combustion lto heat air supplied beneath the tire, and also to utilize the-hot gasin its passage to the holder as a means of heating oil and superheating the steam usedin the manufacture of gas.

The further object of the invention is to provide an improved means of supplying oil and steam toL the re,'each through a single conductor, whereby the same will be equally distributed in the generator over the fire, in

Contact therewith, over the grate, or beneath the grate..y y

The invention consists inthe combination,

, with a gas apparatus, of heating devices for the air, steam, and oil supply of the same, and in. an improyed construction ofthe oil and steam y supplyT devices, as 'will be hereinafter more' specifically described, and set forth in" the claims. Y

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,

in which similarpletters of reference indicate v corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure lis a partial vertical sectional view through the apparatus, and Fig. 2 a vertical perheating-chamber B is in turn united with section taken on line a: of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section through one of `the heaters on line y y of Fig. 2, andFig. 4 isV the second superheating-chamber, C, by apassage,l c.

, The second superhcating-chamber, .0, is provided at top, centrally,with a valve, d, adapted topof the su pcrheatingchamber C, provided i to be operatedinan'yconvenient manner and purposed to openand close said chamber. An ,55l

with. an openy bottom and toptandfan' inner l.

spaced Casin g, E', (see Fi g.`2,) the space e, inter- 'vening the inner and youter casing, beingf inclosed at top and bottom. Within the said space e, upon one side, two ormore horizontal baffle-k plates, e', are secured, andwithin the opposite space one or more similar plates, c2.

The inner casing of the heater Eis provided4 with a'series of horizontally-arrangedY tubes," Ei, connecting the opposite spaces,e, `and air is supplied to' said tubesby a pipe, F, entering the space c above the upper baffle-plate',las

shown in Fig. 2, air being lforced into the lsaid. Y I

ypipe F by means of a pump,blower, or equiv.-

An outlet-pipe, F', is alsomade aient means.

to penetrate the heater E upon the saine 'side with the supply-pipeF and communicate with the space e below the lower baffle-plate, e'.

` The outlet-pipe F extends from theheater E downward, having communication with'the thereof, by a branch pipe, f, and communicat! Ving with the superheating-chamber'B alsoby a second branch, f', as shown in dotted lines, Fig. l. The'main pipe, however, continues -superheating-chamber O, near l'the bottom' downward, and is made to penetrate one side n ofthefgenerator A' below the grate. z .Thus

ducts/of` combustion pass into and through the superheating chambers, heating the bricks vwhen a tire is built in the generator the protherein, being kept'at a high temperature when said bricks are hot; and from saidchambers the intensely-,hot waste products pass upward throughtheopening in the lastchamber,

C, the valve d beingopen. Ordinarilythisf heating agent has been allowed to mingle with the air and become lost. y In the present ap lparatus, however, the productspass upthroughf the heater E, being open at itsbottomas well as at top, around the horizontal tubesE", and

up out of the open top, and the air forcedup through the pipe F, circulating through the'y said tubes E2, is supplied through thepipe FA to the generator at ahigh temperature, rtheref by greatly facilitating combustion and economizing fuel. t

IOO.

. Near the `mouth of the sul'ierheating-cham` yber Qa connection is made by a connectiomh",

with a heater, G, supported at right angles to said chamber, which heater is connected to a second heater, H, extending oppositely to the said heater G, direct connection l1. being had at their opposing ends. Each of the said heaters G and H is constructed substantially in similar manner to the heaterE al`oresaid,with the exception that the baffle-plates e are made to project through the inner casing, E', between the iiues E, nearly from side to side of said inner casing, and an inclosing top and bottom plate, g g h h2, is also provided'. The pipe h3, connecting the chamber C and heater G, is made to enter the space e upon one side, and at the bottom of said healer an inlet-pipe, k', is entered, leading from a boiler or exhauststeam chamber, and which inlet-pipe is provided with a valve, k, for regulating or cutting olf the supply of steam, while at Vthe top of said heater G is entered adelivery-pipe, la, leading to and connecting with a hollow spraying-ring, M, arranged within the generator immediately above the lire-grate a.

The heater H is provided at its outer and lower end'with a pipe, K, leading from one space, e, downward in a deep well, K', whereby a water seal is made, and the said heater is provided at the opposite or inner end at the bottom with a pipe, K2, leading in a shallow covered well, from which well a pipe, K3, projects, adapted to lead to the gasholder. The heater H is provided with an inlet-pipe, L', at the bottom, adapted to admit oil, andan outlet-pipe, L, at the top, connecting with a hollow ring, M, provided with a circumferential series of apertures, m, which ring M is supported, as shown in Fig. l, within the generator at the top, the apertured surface being theinner surface ofthe said ring. Thus as the oil is introduced to the bed of tire to generate a gas it is sprayed in among the coal, and thereby distributed equally over a large area.

An extra oil-ring, M, may, if found desirable, be placed a distance below the top of the generator, as shown in Fig. l; or but one, either at the top or below the top, may be employed.

The operation is as follows: The waste products of combustion passing up through the superheater C enter the heater E, through which air is circulated,'an`d the said heated air is introduced to the iuel in the generator, and also to the superheaters B and C, through the pipesff,which pipes are provided with suitable valves. The heated air in the superheaters or mixing-chambers unites with the unburned gas from the generator,which,ignit ing,serves to more quickly heat the chambers Band C. Should one chamber become suflciently heated before the other, the supply of air is shut oi' from that chamber,and the gases are only allowed to burnin the other. When both chambers B and G have become sufficiently heated, the valve d is closed, and steam passing through the heater G is sprayed upon the fire through the apertured ring M. This action generates a water-gas, but poor in quality.

, ure in the heater.

The gas is enriched by tlYe admission of oil to the ring M, passing through the heater G, whichl oil, as heretofore stated, is thereby more advantageously applied, and in addition is supplied through a single pipe, and consequently under better control. The steam may be exhaust-steam, as it is superheated in thev heater H, and it' live steam it is kept in good condition by its passage through the said heater. The oil is also heated to a high temperature, and, like the steam, the resultis accomplished by being held in contact with the tubes E by the baiileplates e c". The tubes of the steam and oil heaters are keptintensely hot by the passage of the heated gas from the superheating or mixing chamber C through them. rlhe gas entering through pipe hiinto the upper heater, G, passes through the tubes therein down into the lower heater, H, before entering the last tubes in said heater. Any `tar which may have collected will pass down through the pipe K into the well K. The weight of the tar,sinking it to the bottom,con stantly keeps awater-seal upon the said tar drip-pipe K. The gas in its further progress through the last tube of the heater H passes down the pipe Kz'into the usual well and up through the water into thestand-pi-pe K", from whence it is conveyed'to any suitable storagetank.

The upper heater may be used to superheat oil7 and the under heater for steam, if found more convenient in the application of the herein-described process to an existing gasplant.

From the foregoing the following advantages are secured: The steam heater or superheater beingintermediatelysituated between the supply and delivery pipes and the supply ofsteam to the steam-heater being regulated by the valvecz, live steam or exhaust-steam is superheated in an expanded state,and has no further expansion to undergo after entering the generator. By this means a much drier steam is obtained, the variations in pressure of boiler supplying steam being immaterial, as by this method exhaust-steam will answer the purpose equally as well as steam at high pressure, for by my process the steam from the boiler entering the heater, which is much larger than the supply-pipe to the same and having no stoppage,expands to a very much lower press- This heat of expansion is putbaek into the steam at a lower tension,and the steam is superheated while at this low tension and passes into generatorvwithout further expansion. n this highly-superheated state heretofore either live steam from boiler,which is saturated steam,has been admitted to generator, and, being saturated, the momentrit expanded into the generator deposited water and dampened the fuel, &c., or it has been superheated under high pressure and its delivery to the generator regulated at a point between the superheater and generator, and thus when admitted to generator expanded,resulting in the loss of this heat of expansion, and which be- IOO IIO

IZO

cornes Wet steam, or nearly so, deadening the coals,so that as much gas cannot be made per run-or per pound of coal as when the steam is delivered to generator in an expanded super-y heated state.

Having thus described my invention, what I;

claim as new, and desire to ysecure by Letters connected with the gas-outlet of the generator.

and an oil-superheater connected with the steam-heater and with the gas-tank seal, substantially as shoWn'and-described, whereby the waste products of combustion are made to heat the air fed to the fire and the steam and oil used in connection with the plant are'heated bythe gas inits passage from thegenerator to the tank, as setforth.

2. `The combination, wlth thegen'erator A of a gas plant or apparatus', provided near the top With'aseries of apertures, m, of a tubular .s

heater, H, adapted. to *containv oil around the tubes 'connected With the gas-outlet of the generator, and with the tanklseal, a tubular ring, M', surrounding the generator,providedwith tures in the generator, and a pipe-connection between the heaterr and ring, substantially as shown and described, whereby the oilisheatedY by the passage Aof the gas through the tubes of ya series -of apertures registering wththe aperf the heater and distributed over the fuel in the' generator, as set forth. 4 WM.y W. DASHIELLT- Witnesses: v f

` .T. F. AOKER, Jr.,

- E. M. CLARK. 

